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The pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block is a novel regional technique for hip analgesia. Traditionally, intrathecal morphine has been administered for analgesia in hip fracture surgery. Compared with intrath...
Frozen shoulder is a challenging musculoskeletal disorder, affecting between 2 and 5% of people, with a higher incidence among those with diabetes and thyroid issues. This condition can persist for years and c...
Progress in malaria control has stalled since 2015, highlighting the need for new control tools. The R21/Matrix-M (R21) malaria vaccine, a pre-erythrocytic vaccine recently approved by WHO for small children, ...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) impacts quality of life causing disability and increased mortality. Treatment decisions are complex and require individualization. Shared decision making (SDM) is the first principle ...
Four main types of cluster-randomised trial (CRT) are well known: parallel-group (PG), factorial, stepped-wedge and crossover designs. This established typology relates to how clusters are exposed to intervent...
Parastomal herniation is a prevalent complication of colostomies, with rates as high as 60% at 2 years. Traditional methods, including mesh use, have shown limited success. Here, we aim to compare 1-year PSH r...
The evaluation and management of acute vertigo presentations is challenging for both patients and physicians. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), acute unilateral vestibulopathy (e.g., vestibular neur...
Malnutrition is a significant risk factor for postoperative complications in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. Although current guidelines recommend preoperative immunonutrition for malnourished p...
The importance of self-management strategies that optimise physical health and mental health in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is recognised, but access to multidisciplinary teams to support this ...
Impaired oxygen delivery or blood flow to the brain around the time of birth can cause injury. Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a leading cause of death and disability in term and near-term infants. T...
Opioids were considered the main analgesics for pain management during and after cardiac surgery. There are many complications associated with the use of opioids. Paravertebral block (PVB) is injecting Anaesth...
Asthma affects over 1 million children across the UK, and preventative treatment is guided subjectively by patient symptoms. Spirometry is an objective test of lung function and can be used in children to guid...
Witnessing and experiencing violence impedes children’s healthy development and learning, inhibits positive relationships, provokes low self-esteem and emotional distress, and can lead to self-harm and aggress...
After mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), discharge from the emergency department (ED) relies on clinical examination and brain imaging, but triaging of these patients can be challenging in specific situations....
Coenrollment is the enrollment of one participant into more than one study. While coenrollment can enhance research efficiency, it theoretically may result in treatment interactions that distort effect estimat...
A frequent and increasing indication for liver transplantation (LT) is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, despite strict selection criteria, HCC recurrence after LT occurs in a relevant proportion of pat...
Surgery is a complex intervention, so it is important to establish standards for both the standard and ‘novel’ procedures in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that demonstrate that interventions are delivere...
Patients who receive post-acute care in a skilled nursing facility (SNF) following a fracture are at high risk for subsequent fall-related injuries. Optimizing medication management may mitigate this risk. Thi...
Tackling poor mental health in university students is a priority in higher education. Although major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder are highly prevalent among university students and pred...
The Firefli study was funded from a commissioned call to conduct a individually randomised controlled trial to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Home Fire Safety Visits (also known as Safe and...
Propofol sedation in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) frequently induces hypoxemia, posing significant clinical risks. Esketamine, an N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, may reduce prop...
Neurocognitive disorders are prevalent among older surgical patients, yet their underlying mechanisms and effective interventions remain largely unknown. Studies in rodents and patients suggest a connection be...
The stability of blood glucose levels in diabetic patients is more susceptible to fluctuations than in nondiabetic individuals. The effect of dexmedetomidine on glucose fluctuations in diabetic patients remain...
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disease, leads to significant physical and psychosocial burdens due to progressive spinal rigidity and high disability rates. Although exercise is well-estab...
Treatment failure and local tumor progression (LTP) after thermal ablation (TA) have been attributed to insufficient minimal margin (MM) ablation zone coverage of the target tumor.
With continued improvements in breast cancer (BC) outcomes and risk of recurrence occurring until at least 20 years post-diagnosis, it is important to continue to follow up clinical trial participants to chara...
Evidence supporting the use of statin therapy to reduce stroke recurrence and cardiovascular events in acute cardioembolic stroke (CES) patients without atherosclerosis is limited. Past observational studies h...
Transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (Trans-PRK) is an effective and safe laser surgery for myopia. Following this procedure, a bandage contact lens is used to promote epithelial healing, reduce postope...
Sedation is commonly employed during gastrointestinal endoscopy (GIE), yet sedation-related adverse events (SRAEs)—particularly cardiopulmonary complications—remain a critical safety concern. While large cohort.....
Neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), are among the leading causes of disability worldwide. One of the major challenges of this disease is chronic fatigue, which is considered one of the ...
Cocaine is the most frequently used stimulant worldwide, with increasing consumption rates in Europe. Cocaine use is associated with great harm to individuals and society. As of today, psychotherapeutic interv...
Advance care planning (ACP) helps patients identify and communicate their preferences for medical care and prepares them for decision-making related to future care. While ACP is recommended for older adults wi...
The optimal duration of antibiotic treatment must strike a delicate balance: it must be long enough to achieve desirable efficacy yet short enough to prevent the development of toxicities, adverse events, and ...
This update outlines amendments to the MAPSS trial protocol in response to both the COVID-19 pandemic and broader feasibility considerations. While many changes were necessary to navigate pandemic-related disr...
The Study protocol to this article has been published in Trials 2022 23:186
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence and mortality rates are increasing at a greater pace than any other cancer in Australia. Cirrhosis is the major risk factor for HCC, and early detection of HCC through ...
Accumulating evidence suggests that additional dietary fiber supplements may significantly improve glycolipid metabolism and pregnancy outcomes in individuals with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However,...
The Estimands framework, introduced in the Addendum to ICH E9, provides a structured method to define treatment effects in clinical trials. The main novelty of the framework is the discussion of intercurrent e...
Low back pain (LBP) is a major global health issue, affecting approximately two-thirds of the population at some point in their lives. Modic changes (MCs) in the vertebral endplates, as observed on MRI, are re...
Late preterm infants (34+0 to 36+6 weeks’ gestation) account for 7% of births in well-resourced nations. In Aotearoa New Zealand, Māori (Indigenous peoples) make up 20% of late preterm births. Late preterm infant...
The study attempted to explore the postoperative pain control of ultrasound-guided iliac fascia and trigeminus block anesthesia among patients undergoing free flap reconstruction for head-and-neck tumors.
Surgical site infections (SSIs) after instrumented spine fusion surgery may occur in up to 12% of cases and lead to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Numerous retrospective studies suggest ...
Obesity is a complex and chronic condition with serious health risks, including higher chances of diabetes, heart disease, and certain types of cancer. Weight self-stigma, prevalent among individuals with obes...
To compare the success and safety of microcatheter-assisted 360° trabeculotomy (MCAT) with conventional probe trabeculotomy in a large, heterogeneous cohort of children with primary or secondary glaucoma.
Morbidity due to anastomotic leakage is a major concern in transthoracic oesophagectomy. The aim of this randomised trial is to evaluate whether a circumferential suture reinforcement of the stapled end-to-sid...
Ageing populations and the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases pose major challenges to health care systems in high-income countries, especially in rural areas affected by a decline in public services. T...
In routine oncological care, the implementation of disease-related quality of life (QoL) is still an open matter. In a complex intervention, a QoL monitoring system including tailored therapeutic options has b...
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed HIV into a manageable health condition with normal life expectancy. However, people with HIV continue to have poorer mental health compared to background population...
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative condition among older women, frequently causing pain, decreased mobility, and reduced quality of life. As the global population ages, effective and accessib...
Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) is frequently used for COPD. Based on the considerable adverse effects and the knowledge that many such patients do not gain benefit from this treatment, it remains unresolved whet...
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