We introduce the Nature Biomedical Engineering editorial team, including our new Chief Editor, and consider what is to come as we move into our tenth year of publishing.

Engineer and scientist who contributed to the manipulation of single DNA molecules using electric fields, single-cell fusion and innovative integrated electronic microfluidics.

This Perspective explores electroencephalography-based connectivity research, highlighting machine learning’s potential and the promise of personalized neuromodulation to enhance neuroplasticity and treat brain dysfunction, while addressing methodological challenges and translational prospects.

A nanoparticle-based microfluidic assay enables rapid sterility testing of biopharmaceuticals, such as those derived from human mesenchymal stem cells and T cells, by detecting microbial contamination within 18 h.

An optical detection and analysis platform quantifies aggregate density, distribution and size in fluorescently labelled post-mortem human brain tissue.

Monocytes derived from bone marrow leucocytes are chemically conjugated with a Tau-specific aptamer via bioorthogonal chemistry, enabling systemic delivery across the blood–brain barrier and targeted clearance of extracellular Tau in Alzheimer’s disease mouse models.

CAR-T cells engineered with αPD-L1–IL-12 fusion proteins show antitumour activity in mouse models of prostate and ovarian cancer.

A comprehensive benchmarking of 19 histopathology foundation models finds that a vision-language foundation model outperforms vision-only models.

The deep generative model PepMimic achieves sequence and structure co-design of all-atom peptide binders conditioned on a protein target and another known binder.

Engineer and scientist who contributed to the manipulation of single DNA molecules using electric fields, single-cell fusion and innovative integrated electronic microfluidics.

We introduce the Nature Biomedical Engineering editorial team, including our new Chief Editor, and consider what is to come as we move into our tenth year of publishing.

Medical digital twins hold promises for advancing personalized medicine. With the rapid growth of multi-organ and multi-omics biomedical data, artificial intelligence can drive more holistic and integrated medical digital twins for human ageing and disease.

Decentralized yet coordinated networks of specialized artificial intelligence agents, multi-agent systems for healthcare (MASH), that excel in performing tasks in an assistive or autonomous manner within specific clinical and operational domains are likely to become the next paradigm in medical artificial intelligence.

Antigen design and optimization for broader yet targeted immune stimulation, and targeted antigen delivery, are reshaping vaccine development for infectious diseases and cancer.