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Cardiovascular Safety of Testosterone-Replacement Therapy.

Lincoff AM, Bhasin S, Flevaris P, Mitchell LM, Basaria S, Boden WE, Cunningham GR, Granger CB, Khera M, Thompson IM Jr, Wang Q, Wolski K, Davey D, Kalahasti V, Khan N, Miller MG, Snabes MC, Chan A, Dubcenco E, Li X, Yi T, Huang B, Pencina KM, Travison TG, Nissen SE; TRAVERSE Study Investigators. Lincoff AM, et al. N Engl J Med. 2023 Jul 13;389(2):107-117. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2215025. Epub 2023 Jun 16. N Engl J Med. 2023. PMID: 37326322 Clinical Trial.

A primary cardiovascular end-point event occurred in 182 patients (7.0%) in the testosterone group and in 190 patients (7.3%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.78 to 1.17; P<0.001 for noninferiority). Similar findings were observed in …

A primary cardiovascular end-point event occurred in 182 patients (7.0%) in the testosterone group and in 190 patients (7.3%) in the placebo …

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Decompressive Craniectomy versus Craniotomy for Acute Subdural Hematoma.

Hutchinson PJ, Adams H, Mohan M, Devi BI, Uff C, Hasan S, Mee H, Wilson MH, Gupta DK, Bulters D, Zolnourian A, McMahon CJ, Stovell MG, Al-Tamimi YZ, Tewari MK, Tripathi M, Thomson S, Viaroli E, Belli A, King AT, Helmy AE, Timofeev IS, Pyne S, Shukla DP, Bhat DI, Maas AR, Servadei F, Manley GT, Barton G, Turner C, Menon DK, Gregson B, Kolias AG; British Neurosurgical Trainee Research Collaborative, NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury, and RESCUE-ASDH Trial Collaborators; RESCUE-ASDH Trial Collaborators. Hutchinson PJ, et al. N Engl J Med. 2023 Jun 15;388(24):2219-2229. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2214172. Epub 2023 Apr 23. N Engl J Med. 2023. PMID: 37092792 Clinical Trial.

The common odds ratio for the differences across GOSE ratings at 12 months was 0.85 (95% confidence interval, 0.60 to 1.18; P = 0.32). Results were similar at 6 months. At 12 months, death had occurred in 30.2% of the patients in the craniotomy group and in 32.2% of those …

The common odds ratio for the differences across GOSE ratings at 12 months was 0.85 (95% confidence interval, 0.60 to 1.18; P = 0.32) …

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Prehospital Tranexamic Acid for Severe Trauma.

PATCH-Trauma Investigators and the ANZICS Clinical Trials Group; Gruen RL, Mitra B, Bernard SA, McArthur CJ, Burns B, Gantner DC, Maegele M, Cameron PA, Dicker B, Forbes AB, Hurford S, Martin CA, Mazur SM, Medcalf RL, Murray LJ, Myles PS, Ng SJ, Pitt V, Rashford S, Reade MC, Swain AH, Trapani T, Young PJ. PATCH-Trauma Investigators and the ANZICS Clinical Trials Group, et al. N Engl J Med. 2023 Jul 13;389(2):127-136. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2215457. Epub 2023 Jun 14. N Engl J Med. 2023. PMID: 37314244 Clinical Trial.

METHODS: We randomly assigned adults with major trauma who were at risk for trauma-induced coagulopathy to receive tranexamic acid (administered intravenously as a bolus dose of 1 g before hospital admission, followed by a 1-g infusion over a period of 8 hours after …

METHODS: We randomly assigned adults with major trauma who were at risk for trauma-induced coagulopathy to receive tranexamic acid (administ …

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Pharmacomechanical Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for Deep-Vein Thrombosis.

Vedantham S, Goldhaber SZ, Julian JA, Kahn SR, Jaff MR, Cohen DJ, Magnuson E, Razavi MK, Comerota AJ, Gornik HL, Murphy TP, Lewis L, Duncan JR, Nieters P, Derfler MC, Filion M, Gu CS, Kee S, Schneider J, Saad N, Blinder M, Moll S, Sacks D, Lin J, Rundback J, Garcia M, Razdan R, VanderWoude E, Marques V, Kearon C; ATTRACT Trial Investigators. Vedantham S, et al. N Engl J Med. 2017 Dec 7;377(23):2240-2252. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1615066. N Engl J Med. 2017. PMID: 29211671 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.

RESULTS: Between 6 and 24 months, there was no significant between-group difference in the percentage of patients with the post-thrombotic syndrome (47% in the pharmacomechanical-thrombolysis group and 48% in the control group; risk ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82 …

RESULTS: Between 6 and 24 months, there was no significant between-group difference in the percentage of patients with the post-thrombotic s …

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Enzalutamide with Standard First-Line Therapy in Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

Davis ID, Martin AJ, Stockler MR, Begbie S, Chi KN, Chowdhury S, Coskinas X, Frydenberg M, Hague WE, Horvath LG, Joshua AM, Lawrence NJ, Marx G, McCaffrey J, McDermott R, McJannett M, North SA, Parnis F, Parulekar W, Pook DW, Reaume MN, Sandhu SK, Tan A, Tan TH, Thomson A, Tu E, Vera-Badillo F, Williams SG, Yip S, Zhang AY, Zielinski RR, Sweeney CJ; ENZAMET Trial Investigators and the Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group. Davis ID, et al. N Engl J Med. 2019 Jul 11;381(2):121-131. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1903835. Epub 2019 Jun 2. N Engl J Med. 2019. PMID: 31157964 Clinical Trial.

There were 102 deaths in the enzalutamide group and 143 deaths in the standard-care group (hazard ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52 to 0.86; P = 0.002). Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival at 3 years were 80% (based on 94 events) in the enzalutamide gr …

There were 102 deaths in the enzalutamide group and 143 deaths in the standard-care group (hazard ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], …

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Skin Antisepsis before Surgical Fixation of Extremity Fractures.

PREP-IT Investigators; Sprague S, Slobogean G, Wells JL, O'Hara NN, Thabane L, Mullins CD, Harris AD, Wood A, Viskontas D, Apostle KL, O'Toole RV, Joshi M, Johal H, Al-Asiri J, Hymes RA, Gaski GE, Pilson HT, Carroll EA, Babcock S, Halvorson JJ, Romeo NM, Matson CA, Higgins TF, Marchand LS, Bergin PF, Morellato J, Van Demark RE 3rd, Potter GD, Gitajn IL, Chang G, Phelps KD, Kempton LB, Karunakar M, Jaeblon T, Demyanovich HK, Domes CM, Kuhn GR, Reilly RM, Gage MJ, Weaver MJ, von Keudell AG, Heng M, McTague MF, Alnasser A, Mehta S, Donegan DJ, Natoli RM, Szatkowski J, Scott AN, Shannon SF, Jeray KJ, Tanner SL, Marmor MT, Matityahu A, Fowler JT, Pierrie SN, Beltran MJ, Thomson CG, Lin CA, Moon CN, Scolaro JA, Amirhekmat A, Leonard J, Pogorzelski D, Bzovsky S, Heels-Ansdell D, Szasz OP, Gallant JL, Della Rocca GJ, Zura RD, Hebden JN, Patterson JT, Lee C, O'Hara LM, Marvel D, Palmer JE, Friedrich J, D'Alleyrand JG, Rivera JC, Mossuto F, Schrank GM, Guyatt G, Devereaux PJ, Bhandari M; The PREP-IT Investigators. PREP-IT Investigators, et al. N Engl J Med. 2024 Feb 1;390(5):409-420. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2307679. N Engl J Med. 2024. PMID: 38294973 Clinical Trial.

In the closed-fracture population, surgical-site infection occurred in 77 patients (2.4%) in the iodine group and in 108 patients (3.3%) in the chlorhexidine group (odds ratio, 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55 to 1.00; P = 0.049). In the open-fracture population, s …

In the closed-fracture population, surgical-site infection occurred in 77 patients (2.4%) in the iodine group and in 108 patients (3.3%) in …

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Trial of Dexamethasone for Chronic Subdural Hematoma.

Hutchinson PJ, Edlmann E, Bulters D, Zolnourian A, Holton P, Suttner N, Agyemang K, Thomson S, Anderson IA, Al-Tamimi YZ, Henderson D, Whitfield PC, Gherle M, Brennan PM, Allison A, Thelin EP, Tarantino S, Pantaleo B, Caldwell K, Davis-Wilkie C, Mee H, Warburton EA, Barton G, Chari A, Marcus HJ, King AT, Belli A, Myint PK, Wilkinson I, Santarius T, Turner C, Bond S, Kolias AG; British Neurosurgical Trainee Research Collaborative; Dex-CSDH Trial Collaborators. Hutchinson PJ, et al. N Engl J Med. 2020 Dec 31;383(27):2616-2627. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2020473. Epub 2020 Dec 16. N Engl J Med. 2020. PMID: 33326713 Clinical Trial.

In a modified intention-to-treat analysis that excluded the patients who withdrew consent for participation in the trial or who were lost to follow-up, leaving a total of 680 patients, a favorable outcome was reported in 286 of 341 patients (83.9%) in the dexamethasone group and …

In a modified intention-to-treat analysis that excluded the patients who withdrew consent for participation in the trial or who were lost to …

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Rivaroxaban for Stroke Prevention after Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source.

Hart RG, Sharma M, Mundl H, Kasner SE, Bangdiwala SI, Berkowitz SD, Swaminathan B, Lavados P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Davalos A, Shamalov N, Mikulik R, Cunha L, Lindgren A, Arauz A, Lang W, Czlonkowska A, Eckstein J, Gagliardi RJ, Amarenco P, Ameriso SF, Tatlisumak T, Veltkamp R, Hankey GJ, Toni D, Bereczki D, Uchiyama S, Ntaios G, Yoon BW, Brouns R, Endres M, Muir KW, Bornstein N, Ozturk S, O'Donnell MJ, De Vries Basson MM, Pare G, Pater C, Kirsch B, Sheridan P, Peters G, Weitz JI, Peacock WF, Shoamanesh A, Benavente OR, Joyner C, Themeles E, Connolly SJ; NAVIGATE ESUS Investigators. Hart RG, et al. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jun 7;378(23):2191-2201. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1802686. Epub 2018 May 16. N Engl J Med. 2018. PMID: 29766772 Free article. Clinical Trial.

The primary efficacy outcome occurred in 172 patients in the rivaroxaban group (annualized rate, 5.1%) and in 160 in the aspirin group (annualized rate, 4.8%) (hazard ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87 to 1.33; P=0.52). Recurrent ischemic stroke occurred in 15 …

The primary efficacy outcome occurred in 172 patients in the rivaroxaban group (annualized rate, 5.1%) and in 160 in the aspirin group (annu …

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Microscopy and literature.

Harris PJF. Harris PJF. Endeavour. 2019 Sep;43(3):100695. doi: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2019.100695. Epub 2019 Oct 25. Endeavour. 2019. PMID: 31668793

The work of writers including Jonathan Swift, Voltaire, George Eliot, H. G. Wells and D. H. Lawrence is discussed. In many cases these authors had direct experience of operating microscopes and viewing the wonders of the microscopic world. ...

The work of writers including Jonathan Swift, Voltaire, George Eliot, H. G. Wells and D. H. Lawrence is discussed. In many cases thes …

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Single-molecule digital sizing of proteins in solution.

Krainer G, Jacquat RPB, Schneider MM, Welsh TJ, Fan J, Peter QAE, Andrzejewska EA, Šneiderienė G, Czekalska MA, Ausserwoeger H, Chai L, Arter WE, Saar KL, Herling TW, Franzmann TM, Kosmoliaptsis V, Alberti S, Hartl FU, Lee SF, Knowles TPJ. Krainer G, et al. Nat Commun. 2024 Sep 4;15(1):7740. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-50825-9. Nat Commun. 2024. PMID: 39231922 Free PMC article.

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