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In the history of the Summer Olympics, the United States has been the most successful nation ever, with a combined total of more than 2,600 medals in 28 Olympic Games. More than one thousand of these were gold, with almost 800 silver and over 700 bronze. The second most successful team in Summer Olympic history was the Soviet Union**, who took home 440 golds and more than 1,100 total medals in ten Olympic Games between 1952 and 1992. When the total medal hauls of the Soviet Union, Russia and the Russian Empire are combined, they still fall short of the U.S. tally by almost one thousand medals. The third most successful Olympic team is that of Great Britain, who have participated in all 29 Olympic Games since 1896, and have taken home 285 golds and 916 total medals. China are in fourth place with more than 260 gold medals, but when all of the medals won by German athletes are combined they total at 438 golds and more than 1,380 overall. Finland and Hungary have won the most medals per capita.
Emerging nations
While European and Anglophone nations have traditionally dominated the medals tables, recent decades have seen the emergence and increased participation from athletes representing developing nations, such as Kenya, Jamaica, and particularly China. Although China has competed in just 11 Summer Olympics, they have the fourth most gold medals across a variety of events, despite only developing a significant Olympic presence in the 1980s. Athletes from African and Caribbean nations have also developed a more formidable presence since this time, by focusing their resources on specific sports; for example, Kenyan athletes have established a lasting legacy in distance running events, while Jamaicans have dominated sprinting events in recent years. Despite this increased investment, the past three Olympic Games have seen a record number of African-born athletes representing high-income countries in the Arabian Gulf; most notably, athletes born in Kenya and Ethiopia competing for Bahrain.
The influence of money, politics and drugs
As mentioned above, European and Anglophone countries have dominated the medals tables in the past; this is because they had the financial resources to send athletes around the world to compete, and, until 1964, the host cities were always in these countries, which cause financial and logistical difficulties for African, Asian and Latin American countries. Financial difficulties have caused some countries to refuse invitations to the Olympics as recently as the 1980s, for example, many African and Latin American countries joined in the U.S.-led boycott of the 1980 Moscow Games (due to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan), saving face by citing the boycott and not financial problems as the reason. This boycott also contributed to the Soviet Union and East Germany's high medal tally, as both nations took over sixty percent of all available gold medals. In retaliation, the Soviet Union led a boycott of the following Games in Los Angeles, opening the way for the United States to win almost half of all available golds in 1984.
Recent years have seen doping scandals replace financial and political factors as the main external-influence on the medals table. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) was founded by the International Olympic Committee in 1999, to combat the increasing use of performance-enhancing substances in sports. Since then it has had a major impact on the Olympic medal table, and has helped rescind and redistribute more than one hundred Olympic medals. Athletes from Russia and former-Soviet countries have been particularly affected by these measures, which follows a legacy of state-sponsored doping programs dating back to the 1980s. In 2019, WADA banned all Russian athletes from the 2020 Games in Tokyo due to yet another state-sponsored doping scandal; athletes from Russia could only compete if they have been cleared by WADA prior to the games, while representing the Russian Olympic Committee, rather than the country itself.
Since the fourth quarter of 2020, the average selling price (ASP) of graphics add-in-boards (AIBs) for all ranges of products has tremendously inflated. In the first quarter of 2021, the average price of a high-end AIB was 1,358 U.S. dollars, almost double the average price from a year before. Low-end, mid-range, and workstation AIBs have also seen a spike in prices recently.
In 2021, almost 30 percent of Salesforce customer relationship management (CRM) customers come from the professional services industry. Other large segments include manufacturing as well as banking and financial services. The Salesforce CRM product is composed of different cloud services that help customers manage contact information and support sales, marketing, and customer support.
According to recent industry measurements, Google Play users in Brazil generated nearly 3.5 million downloads of video-sharing platform TikTok in June 2021. TikTok, which is the international version of Chinese app Douyin, experienced a spectacular growth in popularity in recent years, reaching the peak of 315 million downloads in the first quarter of 2020.
As of July 30, 2021, the state with the highest number of COVID-19 cases was California. Almost 34.8 million cases have been reported across the United States, with the states of California, Texas, Florida, and New York reporting the highest numbers.
From an epidemic to a pandemic
The World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic on March 11, 2020. The term pandemic refers to multiple outbreaks of an infectious illness threatening multiple parts of the world at the same time. When the transmission is this widespread, it can no longer be traced back to the country where it originated. After an initial relaxation of lockdown restrictions, countries have reintroduced tighter rules as the number of cases worldwide continues to increase.
The symptoms and those who are most at risk
Most people who contract the virus will suffer only mild symptoms, such as a cough, a cold, or a high temperature. However, in more severe cases, the infection can cause breathing difficulties and even pneumonia. We are still learning about how COVID-19 affects people, but those at higher risk include older persons and people with pre-existing medical conditions, including diabetes, heart disease, and lung disease. The vaccine rollout in the U.S. has started, and the number of vaccinations administered had reached around 344 million doses as of July 29, 2021.
The displayed data on the share of non-meat eaters shows results of the Statista Global Consumer Survey conducted in a variety of European countries in 2021. Some 14 percent of respondents in Germany answered the question "Do you follow one or more of the following nutrition rules?" with "Vegetarian (not eating meat and fish)", "Vegan (not eating any animal products)", or "Pescatarian (not eating meat, but eating fish)".
This statistic illustrates the market share of grocers in Great Britain (GB) monthly from January 2017 to May 2021. During the coronavirus outbreak Ocado, Symbols & Independents, the cooperative, Iceland and other outlets managed to increase their share of the market the most. Asda was especially hard hit and lost almost a percent of its market share from March of 2020 to May 2020.
Tesco and Sainsbury's had the largest share over the period under consideration, holding 42.3 percent of the market together as of May 2021. In March of 2019 Asda's share surpassed Sainsbury's which could recover the second position on the market in the following month. Prior to the popularity of the discounters, the grocery retail market was dominated by the 'big four' supermarkets: Tesco, Sainsbury's, Asda and Morrisons.
On the back of the post-Brexit uncertainty and growing inflation, however, consumer behavior has shifted in favor of cheaper alternatives such as Aldi and Lidl.The resulting 'price wars' have led to supermarkets lowering their prices. Crucially, this has caused increased volatility in the grocery retail market and, as of January 2017, Aldi overtook the Co-operative to become the fifth largest supermarket in the United Kingdom. After a period of intense competition Lidl overtook Waitrose and is now poised to likely overtake the Cooperative in the coming year.
In June 2021, more than 900 square kilometers of rainforest in the Brazilian Amazon were destroyed, a ten-percent increase in comparison to the same month of the previous year. Most of the deforested area in the Brazilian Amazon occurrs in private land areas.
The South African multinational Naspers is the largest company in Africa by market capitalization. In 2021, its outstanding shares had a market value of over 104 billion U.S. dollars. Anglo American Plc, a part of which is listed in the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, ranked second with a value of around 53.2 billion U.S. dollars, followed by Anglo American Platinum at roughly 38.7 billion U.S. dollars.
In financial year 2021, around 44 billion digital payments were recorded across India. This was an increase compared to the previous three years. Nevertheless, the total value of these transactions decreased in 2021 compared to the previous year.
The total value of digital payments included large-scale interbank payments, such as RTGS or NEFT, as well as payments used by individuals, such as credit and debit cards, or UPI transactions.
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